Ричард Бах
Министерство общего и профессионального образования
Свердловской области.
Правовой Лицей имени Е. Р. Кастеля города Екатеринбурга.
Образовательная область: Филология.
Предмет: Английский язык.
Тема: “I preserve his future,
he preserves
my past.” (R. Bach). We all are from the childhood.
Исполнитель: Ученица 10 «Б» класса
Фамилия И. О.: Калашникова С. И.
Научный руководитель: Воронова М.В.
17 февраля 2001 года
Contents.
“I preserve his future, he preserves my past” (R. Bach).
We all are from the childhood.
1. Introduction (part 1)………………………………………………3
2. Part 2…………………………………………………………5
3. Conclusion (part 3)…………………………………………14
4. The list of literature………………………………………..17
Introduction (Part 1)
Everybody wants to know what is happening around him or her? We hear
about criminals, children’s creams and strange behaviour? If analyse the
last ten news-programmes, we’ll understand than the kid’s problems stays on
the same level with news about gas or oil. The children’s problems are the
most interesting and important one for the majority of psychologists. They
tries to understand everything what is connected with children, because
everybody believes that we can change a kid, but we can not do the same
with a man. Frankly speaking I disagree with this statement. Is it means
that a person can not understand and solve all his problems? I think, that
everybody does not believe in this.
Really, nowadays everyone is surround by a great number of problems.
Some of them are really easy, and we don’t need any help in their solving.
However, life is not so primitive, the majority of situations are really
strange. If we want to cope with such difficulties, we must understand the
roots of them. We will never be good at chemistry, physics and math
without knowing the basic rules and laws. The same is with the roots of
human behaviour. We can not learn about men’s conduct in different
situations, else we’ll be able to claimant people’s stresses and predict
human reaction (it can be very useful from the criminal side). Or, may be,
we can ..!
There are a lot of points of view on a problem, where the origin of
this or that conduct is. Freud came to believe that all the roots of
possible complicates are laying in the sexual life of a person, Bacon found
them in the inward life, in men’s ghosts and idols. A great group of people
believes in mystic power, which controls people’s existents. It means that
everything has its own beginning. If we know the origins, we will be able
to give a right estimation to the situation and, of course, to react in a
proper way. But, if we can learn about math rules from the special books,
we can’t do the same, if we want to find a local answer to the question:”
where are the roots of human behaviour and reaction? Of course, there are a
lot of theories and conclusions, which are connected with our topic.
Nevertheless, the majority of them touch upon a question about the
childhood in any case. They are confident that all information about our
future life (precondition) we get in an early age, that our problems are
connected with childhood and the roots of good and evil are not in the
genes as commonly believe, but in the earliest days of life. This idea is
rather new and conflicting, but very popular and under discussion. In this
case it will not be only interesting but greatly important to learn such
material inside out, and define at last, is it a solid theory, because, if
it is, we’ll be able to understand and claimant the impediments after
memorising our past. This problem is really dillicate. For it solution, we
should work with an enormous quantity theories of different thinkers (like
Freud or Birn) and writers (like Bach and Coalio). The main idea is that
the majority of conclusions belong to the pen of European scientists.
Considering the importance of this question, it is easy to understand that
it’s necessary to work with English writing material, because different
reports can give us inexact information, and make incorrect opinion of
situation. For this reason, my paper is in English. I think, it is not
very difficult to understand the aim of this work, of course. It
consists of consolidation the theories about the questions that all our
problems are from childhood, analysis of this material and response to the
issue of correctness of these ideas.
Part 2
Human infants seem so weak and helpless at birth that it is hard to
believe they are capable of much interaction with their environment. In
fact, not too long ago many people still wondered whether new-born could
even see or hear at all. In the last several decades, however, research on
the new-born has expanded greatly, and a very different view has emerged.
We now know that human infants are born with sensory systems that are
impressively able. They process information and learn about their
surroundings from the very moment of birth. They learn the world and try to
understand how to survive in it. Children acquire an enormous amount of
information in the twelve years of live. For Piaget’s mind “to this age
the personality is “shaped””. [1]
Everything what children have learned during this years stays in the
subconscious. Of course, people cannot remember the experience of such
early age, but they use it, calling - intuition (instinct) or presentiment.
So, our reactions and deeds “depend on what we had put in our mind” [2]Lots
of psychologists, the main of them is Freud, “came to believe that current
problems can often be traced back to childhood experiences.” [3]
“Unfortunately, these early experiences are not usually available to
consciousness. Only through great effort can they be coaxed into active
memory,” [4]– said Freud to this problem.
The ability to memorise depends on the development of brains. And,
in each term, the abilities a person’s brain can develop depend on
experiences in the first three years of life, the childhood. Studies on
abandoned and severely maltreated Romanian children, as an example,
revealed striking lesions in certain areas of the brain. The repeated
traumatization has led to an increased release of stress hormones which
have attacked the sensitive tissue of the brain and destroyed the new,
already build-up neurones. The areas of their brains responsible for the
“management” of their emotions are 20-30% smaller than in other children of
the same age. Obviously, all children (not only Romanian) who suffer such
abandonment and maltreatment will be damaged in this way.
The attitude to the children always has its results. An American
writer Alice Millir tried to understand, why some people (Hitler, Stalin,
Mao and common one’s) are so aggressive. She wrote:” I found it logical
that a child beaten often and deprived of loving physical contact would
quickly pick up the language of violence. For him this language became the
only effective means of communication available. However, when I began to
illustrate my thesis by drawing on the examples of Hitler, Stalin, Mao,
Ceacescu, when I tried to expose the social consequences of child
maltreatment, I first encountered strong resistance. Repeatedly I was
told,” I, too, was a battered child, but that did not make me a criminal.
When I asked these people for details about their childhood, I was always
told of a person who made the difference, a sibling, a teacher, a
neighbour, just somebody who liked or even loved them but, at least in most
cases, was unable to protect them. Yet through his presence this person
gave the child a notion of trust and love. I call these persons “helping
witnesses”.”[5] So, we see that these people became aggressive because
they lack love and protection in the childhood. It means that we depend
not only from our common surrounding, but from “the people from the
past” [6]If a person lacked protection in the childhood, he will feel
himself uncomfortable and “even in a great horror” [7]in the company
of people, he’ll want to protect himself and that’s why his reaction too
ordinary things will be rude. Many have also been lucky enough to find
“enlightened” and courageous “witnesses”, people who helped them to
recognise the injustices they suffered, the significance the hurtful
treatment had for them, and its influences on their whole life. They may
even suffer much in their life, may become drug addicted, and have
relationship problems, but thanks to the few good experience in their
childhood usually do not become criminals. “The criminal outcome seems to
be connected with a childhood that didn’t provide any helping witness,
that was a place of constant threat and fear,”- [8]Miller thought.
The parents attitude to the kid finds its mirroring in his future
personality and behaviour. It has been observed again and again that
parents who tend to maltreat and neglect their children do it in ways which
resemble the treatment they endured in their own childhood, without any
conscious memory of their early experiences. Fathers who sexually abuse
their children are usually unaware of the fact that they had themselves
suffered the same abuse. It is rather in therapy, even if ordered by the
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