fourth-largest in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of Fall 2001, Penn
has a total regular work force of 12,290. The University of Pennsylvania
Health System, which includes the Hospital of the University of
Pennsylvania, employs an additional 12,673 people.
Academics:
Total undergraduate majors currently being pursued: 94 (Academic Year
2002).
Libraries:
5.0 million books
3.6 million items on microfilm
39,439 periodical subscriptions
1,952 CD-ROM databases
4,734 e-journals
Athletics and Recreation:
A charter member of the Ivy League, Penn offers intercollegiate competition
for men in 20 sports, including basketball, baseball, heavyweight crew,
lightweight crew, cross country, fencing, football, golf, lacrosse, soccer,
sprint football, squash, swimming, tennis, indoor track, outdoor track and
wrestling. It offers intercollegiate competition for women in 14 sports,
including basketball, crew, cross country, field hockey, fencing, golf,
gymnastics, lacrosse, soccer, softball, squash, swimming, tennis, indoor
track, outdoor track and volleyball. During the 2001-2002 academic year,
there were 14,678 team members participating in 20 intramural teams; 927
additional students were members of 30 club sports.
Campus Size:
. West Philadelphia campus: 269 acres, 151 buildings (excluding
hospital)
. New Bolton Center: 600 acres, 77 buildings
. Morris Arboretum: 92 acres, 30 buildings
Living Alumni of Record:
Total: 233,303 (Fiscal Year 2001)
Undergraduate Admission and Fees:
$27,988 (Academic Year 2003)
Room and Board Fees:
$8,224 (Academic Year 2003)
Community Service:
Approximately 5,000 University students, faculty and staff participate in
more than 300 Penn volunteer and community service programs. The Middle
States Association of Colleges and Schools recognized the University's West
Philadelphia Improvement Corps (WEPIC), in Penn's Center for Community
Partnerships, for exemplary school-college partnerships in Pennsylvania.
Fundraising (Fiscal Year 2001):
Endowment $3.382 billion (as of June 30, 2001)
Voluntary support: $285 million
107,941 donors gave $138 million in contributions
$92 million in gifts from foundations and associations
$37 million in gifts from corporations
Sponsored Projects (Fiscal Year 2001):
$550 million in awards
4,169 awards
2,655 projects
1,219 principal investigators
Budget:
$3.21 billion (Fiscal Year 2002)
Payroll (including benefits):
$1.324 billion (Fiscal Year 2002)
Washington and Lee University.
Washington and Lee is a small, private, liberal arts university nestled
between the Blue Ridge and Allegheny Mountains in Lexington, VA. It is the
ninth oldest institution of higher learning in the nation.
In 1749, Scotch-Irish pioneers who had migrated deep into the Valley of
Virginia founded a small classical school called Augusta Academy, some 20
miles north of what is now Lexington. In 1776, the trustees, fired by
patriotism, changed the name of the school to Liberty Hall. Four years
later the school was moved to the vicinity of Lexington, where in 1782 it
was chartered as Liberty Hall Academy by the Virginia legislature and
empowered to grant degrees. A limestone building, erected in 1793 on the
crest of a ridge overlooking Lexington, burned in 1803, though its ruins
are preserved today as a symbol of the institution's honored past.
In 1796, George Washington saved the struggling Liberty Hall Academy when
he gave the school its first major endowment--$20,000 worth of James River
Canal stock. The trustees promptly changed the name of the school to
Washington Academy as an expression of their gratitude. In a letter to the
trustees, Washington responded, "To promote the Literature in this rising
Empire, and to encourage the Arts, have ever been amongst the warmest
wishes of my heart." The donations - one of the largest to any educational
institution at that time –continue to contribute to the University's
operating budget today.
General Robert E. Lee reluctantly accepted the position of president of the
College in 1865. Because of his leadership of the Confederate army, Lee
worried he "might draw upon the College a feeling of hostility," but also
added that "I think it the duty of every citizen in the present condition
of the Country, to do all in his power to aid in the restoration of peace
and harmony." During his brief presidency, Lee established the School of
Law, encouraged development of the sciences, and instituted programs in
business instruction that led to the founding of the School of Commerce in
1906. He also inaugurated courses in journalism, which developed by 1925
into The School of Journalism--now the Department of Journalism and Mass
Communications. These courses in business and journalism were the first
offered in colleges in the United States. After Lee's death in 1870, the
trustees voted to change the name from Washington College to Washington and
Lee University.
Once an all-male institution, Washington and Lee first admitted women to
its law school in 1972. The first undergraduate women matriculated in 1985.
Since then, Washington and Lee has flourished. The University now boasts a
new science building, a performing arts center and an indoor tennis
facility, and it continues to climb the ranking charts of U.S. News and
World Report and other rating agencies. Washington and Lee is ranked 15th
among the top national liberal arts colleges by U.S. News.
Washington and Lee University observed its 250th Anniversary with a year-
long, national celebration during the 1998-99 academic year.
Columbia University.
Columbia University was founded in 1754 as King’s College by royal charter
of King George II of England. It is the oldest institution of higher
learning in the state of New York and the fifth oldest in the United
States.
Controversy preceded the founding of the College, with various groups
competing to determine its location and religious affiliation. Advocates of
New York City met with success on the first point, while the Anglicans
prevailed on the latter. However, all constituencies agreed to commit
themselves to principles of religious liberty in establishing the policies
of the College.
In July 1754, Samuel Johnson held the first classes in a new schoolhouse
adjoining Trinity Church, located on what is now lower Broadway in
Manhattan. There were eight students in the class. At King’s College, the
future leaders of colonial society could receive an education designed to
“enlarge the Mind, improve the Understanding, polish the whole Man, and
qualify them to support the brightest Characters in all the elevated
stations in life.” One early manifestation of the institution’s lofty goals
was the establishment in 1767 of the first American medical school to grant
the MD degree.
The American Revolution brought the growth of the College to a halt,
forcing a suspension of instruction in 1776 that lasted for eight years.
However, the institution continued to exert a significant influence on
American life through the people associated with it. Among the earliest
students and Trustees of King’s College were John Jay, the first Chief
Justice of the United States; Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of
the Treasury; Gouverneur Morris, the author of the final draft of the U.S.
Constitution; and Robert R. Livingston, a member of the five-man committee
that drafted the Declaration of Independence.
The College reopened in 1784 with a new name—Columbia—that embodied the
patriotic fervor, which had inspired the nation’s quest for independence.
The revitalized institution was recognizable as the descendant of its
colonial ancestor, thanks to its inclination toward Anglicanism and the
needs of an urban population, but there were important differences:
Columbia College reflected the legacy of the Revolution in the greater
economic, denominational, and geographic diversity of its new students and
leaders. Cloistered campus life gave way to the more common phenomenon of
day students, who lived at home or lodged in the city.
In 1849, the College moved from Park Place, near the present site of City
Hall, to 49th Street and Madison Avenue, where it remained for the next
fifty years. During the last half of the nineteenth century, Columbia
rapidly assumed the shape of a modern university. The Law School was
founded in 1858, and the country’s first mining school, a precursor of
today’s School of Engineering and Applied Science, was established in 1864.
When Seth Low became Columbia’s president in 1890, he vigorously promoted
the university ideal for the College, placing the fragmented federation of
autonomous and competing schools under a central administration that
stressed cooperation and shared resources. Barnard College for women had
become affiliated with Columbia in 1889; the medical school came under the
aegis of the University in 1891, followed by Teachers of graduate faculties
in political science, philosophy, and pure science established Columbia as
one of the nation’s earliest centers for graduate education. In 1896, the
Trustees officially authorized the use of yet another new name, Columbia
University, and today the institution is officially known as Columbia
University in the City of New York.
Low’s greatest accomplishment, however, was moving the University from 49th
Street to Morningside Heights and a more spacious campus designed as an
urban academic village by McKim, Mead & White, the renowned turn-of-the-
century architectural firm. Architect Charles Follen McKim provided
Columbia with stately buildings patterned after those of the Italian
Renaissance. The University continued to prosper after its move uptown.
During the presidency of Nicholas Murray Butler (1902–1945), Columbia
