Crisler Corporation. Senior thesis
Index
1. History of Chrysler Corporation
2. History of Daimler-Benz Corporation
3. Short Summery of Current Position of DaimlerChrysler
4. Reasons for Merger and New Opportunities
5. Opportunities in New Markets
6. Decrease in Price of Materials Bought from Suppliers
7. Decrease in R&D Expenses per Production Unit
8. Confluence of Technologies of Both Corporations
9. Double Strength of the New Corporation
10. Market Concerns
11. New Corporation
12. Achievements of the New Corporation
13. Survey of Recent Stock Performance
14. Comments on some of Financial Ratios of the New Corporation
15. Government Concerned that…
16. Environmental Issues in the New Corporation
17. Conclusion
History of Chrysler Corporation
It would be true to say that Chrysler Corporation was born long ago
before the year 1925 (when it was officially established). It was started
as a result of Walter P. Chrysler’s efforts to create a car that would be
affordable and competitive in the market. The first car would incorporate
four-wheel hydraulic brakes and a high-compression six-cylinder engine.
In 1924, New York for the first time saw a car that became the
ancestor of all generations of Chrysler’s cars. It was the Chrysler Six.
The car was not allowed to be presented at the New York Automobile Show,
because it was not in production. But to put it in production Walter
Chrysler needed to raise external funds. Eventually he came up with a very
inventive idea—to park his car in front of the building in which the show
took place. Going to the show, exhibitors and investors had a chance to
see the Chrysler Six. Chrysler’s efforts led to success—a Chase Security
Banker underwrote a five million dollars issue of Maxwell Motor Corporation
(the company of which Walter Chrysler was a chairman) debenture bonds to
finance future development.
In a year Walter Chrysler purchased Maxwell Motor Corporation, renamed
it to Chrysler Corporation and became the only owner of it. The new company
was growing very fast. By the end of the year Chrysler Corporation had
3800 dealers in the United Stated alone. The profit that year was about
$17 million.
In 1934, the company introduced Airflow to the market. This car was
a result of engineer Carl Breer’s and Orville Wright’s work. They had been
working on a new generation of cars with a teardrop front. Unfortunately
this car did not match customers’ tastes. However the company recovered
thanks to innovations like ball bearings treated with Superfinish, a
forerunner of the automatic transmission (fluid Drive), and the color-coded
“Safety-Signal” speedometer. The company continued this success in 941,
when it introduced the luxury-oriented Town & Country wagon. This was
the company’s first minivan with nine-passenger seating and a rear hatch.
Besides that, it was the first minivan with genuine wood exterior panels.
This model was in big demand.
On August 18, 1940, the company was shaken by grief: Chrysler
Corporation’s founder, Walter P. Chrysler, passed away.
In 1955, Chrysler Corporation debuted its “master piece”—Chrysler C-
300. This car was the most powerful full-size car in the world, and soon
won twenty out of forty races conducted in 1955.
Chrysler Corporation played a big role in production for military
service during World War II. The company’s full capacity was directed
toward production of tanks and 40mm trailer-mounted anti aircraft guns. In
total, Chrysler participated in sixty-six military projects that were worth
of more than 3.4 billion dollars between 1940 and 1945.
With the beginning of the era of space conquest, the Chrysler
Corporation actively participated in the construction of powerful engines
used to launch astronauts into orbit. NASA chose Chrysler to construct the
Saturn 1 and Saturn 1B launch vehicles, which were assembled at its plant
in Louisiana.
In May of 1998, an event took place that led to huge changes in the
auto world. Two of the world’s most profitable car manufacturers, Daimler-
Benz and Chrysler Corporation, agreed to combine their businesses in an
equal merger.
History of Daimler-Benz
On October 1, 1883, Karl Benz started his own company, which was
called Benz & Cie, Rheinishe Gas Motor Enfabrik. Benz’s cars increased in
popularity after he started to build multiple cylinder engines with 16
horsepower, which increased the speed. The sale of automobiles was
increasing every year. In the single year of 1901, Benz & Cie sold 2,702
vehicles. By that time, Benz was selling his vehicles in France, England,
Russia, United States, and Singapore. Two years later at the age of 60,
Karl decided to retire from the car business and the company was taken over
by his sons, Eugen and Richand. On April 4, 1929, at the age of 84, Karl
Benz passed away at his house at Ladenburg. At the present time, Karl Benz
is considered to be a pioneer in car building in Germany and worldwide. In
Germany, Benz is a history figure and often there are signs at Mercedes
dealerships, which say, “Father Benz."
During World War II both companies, Benz & Cie and Daimler-Mototern-
Gesellschaft, were ordered to change their production lines for military
purposes. Both companies stopped making cars and began the production of
Benz & Cie aircraft engines. DMG was building the aircraft. 1916 was a
dramatic increase the number of employees in Benz and DMG factories. The
number of workers of the Benz factories increased from 7700 to 12,000 and
DMG’s workers increased from 3750 to 16,000. When the war was over, thins
became very difficult for the German car builders. Many car-building
companies had stopped production and had to close down their factories.
Both Benz and DMG were greatly affected by the war and by 1924, the
presidents of both companies signed a merger agreement, “Agreement of
Mutual Interest,” which made them into one company.
During this time, the Mercedes model became very famous and
recognizable around the world. Due to the increased popularity of the
model Mercedes, the new company was named Mercedes-Benz. The name Daimler-
Benz was used also. For the next decade, the Mercedes-Benz dominated the
German automobile market. Mercedes sales were much higher than the other
German car companies, such as BMW and Opel.
In the early 1930’s history repeated itself with the rise of Adolph
Hitler. The management of Mercedes-Benz began gradually to lose control of
the company. The new government brought the vehicle under strict
regulation. The whole German car industry was taken over by the National
Socialists. Hitler announced that the production of German cars would be
“drastically reduced” (Kimer, p. 276, 1986). In the mid 30’s the Mercedes-
Benz factories were beginning to be used for military purposes. This idea
was given by Jakob Werlen, the former manager of Mercedes–Benz, who later
became Hitler’s personal advisor of transportation. An interesting fact is
that Hitler had many kinds of cars, but whenever he was photographed in a
vehicle, it was a Mercedes. One of Hitler’s favorite models was his parade
car, type 770, the “Grosser Mercedes” (Kimer, p. 282, 1986).
Wilhelm Kissel was a general director of the company in the mid and
late 30’s. He tried to keep his company free from government involvement,
but this proved to be too difficult. By wartime, the Mercedes-Benz
factories were basically making military products. By the time Hitler
started the war with the U.S.S.R., Mercedes-Benz was making all kinds of
army equipment. The German army needed the best machines and Mercedes-Benz
factories were producing planes, trucks, tanks, and various kinds of
engines. The most famous Mercedes war product was a military plane called
Msserschmitt. This plane made the Luftwaffe the best airforce in the
world. The Msserschmitt was considered the best plane at that time; it had
a Mercedes DB 600 engine, which made this plane much faster than any other
planes in the world (Kimer, p. 283, 1986).
In 1945, after the end of the war, all of the Daimler-Benz factories,
much like the rest of Germany, were ruined. An American reporter wrote
about what he had observed in Germany right after the war - “Cities were
dead, factories idle bridges down, rails gone. Rubble was everywhere”
(Kimer, p. 283, 1986). World War II completely destroyed Daimler-Benz, at
one time the world’s largest automobile company.
It took more than three years to rebuild the factories. However,
many divisions of the company were lost because they ended up in East
Germany. At first the company was rebuilding U.S. army vehicles. By 1949,
over 6,000 cars had been built and the main focus of Mercedes-Benz was
again the production of luxury cars (Kimer, p. 290, 1986).
Within the next two years, the company was completely rebuilt and the
number of employees since the beginning of the war was doubled. Now the
number of workers was almost 40,000. By the year 1952, Mercedes-Benz had
built 100,000 cars and 250 in the United States. In 1955, the new models
220, 300, and 300S were introduced in a Frankfort Auto Show and the model
300S was named the car of the year. From that time, Mercedes started to
export more cars around the world. However, most of the cars were sold in
