отрицательных префиксов: un -, который предает глаголу противоположное
значение, существительным, прилагательным и наречиям – отрицательное
значение не; без; in -; (il -; im -; ir -;); dis -, который предает слову
отрицательное значение, указывает на лишение чего – либо, указывает на
разделение, рассеивание в разные стороны; и отрицательного суффикса –less,
который предает слову отрицательное значение..
Аффиксальные антонимы:
Willing – unwilling
Gordon had made Smith an easy partner in these thefts, not willing and
unwilling, but simply an assumed partner.
Willing – done, given, etc. readily or enthusiastically.
Unwilling – not wanted to do something.
В значении слова unwilling содержится отрицательная частица NOT,
которая является элементом образования антонимов, поэтому данные слова
являются антонимами.
Happy – unhappy
“Sue, i believe you are not happy…” – “Of course, i am!” – she
contracted. “How can a woman be unhappy who has only been married eight
weeks to a man she chose freely?”
Happy – fortunate, lucky.
Unhappy – unfortunate; that is or should be regarded.
Значение слова unhappy содержит отрицательное слово unfortunate,
которое образовалось от fortunate+un, который предает слову отрицательное
значение, поэтому данные слова являются антонимами.
Honest – dishonest
This man Steuer fancied that he was dishonest, and that he,
Mallenhauer, was honest.
Honest – telling the truth; not lying.
Dishonest – not honest.
Значение слова dishonest содержит отрицательную частицу NOT, которая
является элементом образования антонимов, поэтому данные слова будут
антонимами.
Approve – disapprove
Who am i to approve or disapprove?
Approve – to feel or believe that somebody/something is good,
acceptable or satisfactory.
Disapprove – to consider somebody/something to be bad, wrong, foolish.
Значения данных слов содержат противоположные семы good и bad, поэтому
эти слова являются антонимами.
Dependent - independent
We’re all really dependent in nearly everything and we make a fuss
about being independent in something.
Dependent – needing somebody/something in order to live or survive.
Independent – not dependent on other people or thing.
Значение слова independent содержит отрицательную частицу NOT, которая
является элементом образования антонима, поэтому данные слова являются
антонимами.
Human – inhuman
Like – dislike
“But why do you like markets and dislike stories?” – “Because markets
are human and stories inhuman.”
Human – kind, good.
Inhuman – lacking normal human qualities of kindness, pity, etc,
extremely cruel.
Значения данных слов содержат противоположные семы good и cruel,
поэтому эти слова являются антонимичной парой.
Legal – illegal
They rallied the Negro people and their allies against the lynches,
legal and illegal.
Legal – of, based on or concerned with the law.
Illegal – against the law; not legal.
Значение слова illegal содержится отрицательная частица NOT, которая
является элементом образования антонимов, поэтому данные слова будут
антонимами.
Visible – invisible
In the see there are more things invisible, than visible.
Visible – that can be seen; in sight.
Invisible – that cannot be seen; not visible.
Значение слова visible содержит отрицательную частицу NOT, которая
является элементом образования антонимов, поэтому данные слова являются
антонимами.
Regular – irregular
But these footsteps were so odd that one couldn’t decide them regular
or irregular.
Regular – done or happening often, frequently.
Irregular – not happening, coming, done, etc. regular, varying.
Значение слова irregular содержит отрицательную частицу NOT, которая
является элементом образования антонимов, поэтому данные слова будут
антонимами.
Coloured – uncoloured
On those walls, wherever the eye roved, were prints coloured and
uncoloured, old and new, depicting the sports of racing and prize –
fighting.
Tied – untied
People get tied up, and sometimes they stay tied – because they want
to stay or because they haven’t the will power to break or others become
untied and make a new start.
Engage – disengage
“How soon will you be disengaged?” “I didn’t say you i was engaged.”
Explicable – inexplicable
The proposal was monstrous, inexplicable or explicable only by the
assumption that his mind, while not unhinged, had temporarily lost its
balance.
Filial – unfilial
“I have seen a good deal of what is filial in my times, Sir,” said
Mould, “and what is unfilial too.”
Inside – outside
And also, he expected that the management demanded of all boys that
they look well outside as well as inside the hotel.
Just – unjust
The A.F. of L. port leaders, as loyal servitors of capitalism,
unquestionable support all wars, just or unjust, declared by the capitalist
class and its government.
Kindness – unkindness
Clare thanked Sir Willoughby for the kindness thinking of her father,
mentally analising the kindness, in which at least she found no unkindness,
scarcely egoism, though she knew it to be true.
Latching – unlatching
The German major looked obliquely at Yetes, his slender fingers
latching and unlatching.
Lock – unlock
None went near them, either to lock or unlock.
Able – unable
“Suppose i am unable to do the job?” – “Then you wouldn’t be able to
cash the note.”
Active inactive
The cumulative effect of merely remaining inactive when one ought to
be active was terrible.
Adequate – inadequate
To pull is to exert a drawing force whether adequate or inadequate; as
the fish pull on the line, as dentist pulls a tooth.
Advantages– disadvantages
Only much later did Tony attempt to sum up the advantages and
disadvantages of his upbringing.
Appearing – disappearing
He had a talent for appearing when he was not wanted, and a talent for
disappearing when he was wanted.
Audible – inaudible
Little audible links, they are chaining together great inaudible
feelings and purposes.
Aware – unaware
If the American was too aware of himself, then this Russian was too
unaware of himself.
Believe – disbelieve
I am neutral. I don’t believe in ghosts but i don’t disbelieve in
them.
Calculable – incalculable
All is capria; the calculable world has become incalculable.
Clasp – unclasp
As they rode – in complete silence for a while – he hands clasped and
unclasped definitely.
Сlinch – unclinch
They swayed back clinched together against the gate; then both, as if
struck by the same idea unclinched and raised their fists.
Concerned – unconcerned
It concerned her in some way, but she herself was unconcerned, and she
slid without effort into the position of mistress of the farm.
Decisive – indecisive
Katherine admired him for it and would always choose him in his
decisive moments in preference to an indecisive MacGregor.
Democratic– undemocretic
Of course, there are different forms of capitalist rule. There are
constitutional and unconstitutional monarchies, democratic and undemocratic
republics, personal, military and fascist dictatorships.
Do – undo
What’s done can’t be undone.
Emotional – unemotional
A shrewed observer might have remarked that the emotional temperature
rather rose at so unemotional interruption.
Encourage – discourage
Thus, the editorial sought to encourage fascist elements in the
community and to discourage all who might fear violence.
Worthiness – unworthiness
The sense of unworthiness is a guarantee of the worthiness ensuing.
Free – unfree
In fact, she had felt as she still felt neither free nor unfree.
Comprehensible–incomprehensible
“Then mr. Rouncewell,” returns Sir Leicester, “ the application of
what you have said is to me incomprehensible.” – “Will it be more
comprehensible Sir Leicester if i say…”
Heroic – unheroic
He ordered early breakfast, and wanted to look at the newspaper, and
felt somehow heroic and useful in not looking at it. But there were still
crawling and totally unheroic hours of waiting before Dr. Patten returned.
Civilized – uncivilized
Sometimes you think its soft and sometimes sly, and sometimes
murderous, and sometimes uncivilized and all the time it’s only civilized.
Frequently – infrequently
The curtains were always heavy, frequently brown and infrequently red.
Tangible – intagible
And behind this tangible dread there was always that intangible
trouble, lurking in the background.
Pleasant - unpleasant
“Really, Barbara, you go on as if religion was a pleasant subject.” –
“I don’t find it an unpleasant subject, my dear.”
Likes – dislikes
“Things do last,” cried Fleur “with me anyhow – especially likes and
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